Here’s a guide for 1st year students on how to calculate the dependent t-test in SPSS:
Step-by-Step Guide for Dependent t-test in SPSS
1. Prepare Your Data
- Ensure your data is in the correct format: two columns, one for each condition (e.g., before and after)
- Each row should represent a single participant
2. Open SPSS and Enter Data
- Open SPSS and switch to the “Variable View”
- Define your variables (e.g., “Before” and “After”)
- Switch to “Data View” and enter your data
3. Run the Test
- Click on “Analyze” in the top menu
- Select “Compare Means” > “Paired-Samples t Test”.
- In the dialog box, move your two variables (e.g., Before and After) to the “Paired Variables” box
- Click “OK” to run the test
4. Interpret the Results
- Look at the “Paired Samples Statistics” table for descriptive statistics
- Check the “Paired Samples Test” table:
- Find the t-value, degrees of freedom (df), and significance (p-value)
- If p < 0.05, there’s a significant difference between the two conditions
5. Report the Results
- State whether there was a significant difference.
- Report the t-value, degrees of freedom, and p-value.
- Include means for both conditions.
Tips:
- Always check your data for accuracy before running the test.
- Ensure your sample size is adequate for reliable results.
- Consider the assumptions of the dependent t-test, such as normal distribution of differences between pairs.
Remember, practice with sample datasets will help you become more comfortable with this process.